Black shales.

Jan 25, 2019 ... Black shale in the Pennsylvanian of Kentucky, USA. Stratigraphy: lower tongue of the Breathitt Formation, Middle Pennsylvanian Locality: ...Carboniferous black shale outcrops in the Perak District occur in the Batu Gajah and Kuala Kangsar areas and are mainly composed of grey and black flaggy shales (Figs. 3 C, 4 E). A black shale-bearing formation in the Terengganu District was reported from Kampung Bintan and Ulu Paka areas and is named the Sungai Perlis Beds (Chand, 1978).Aug 2, 2020 ... Black and gray shale are common, but the rock can occur in any color. Shale is commercially important. It is used to make brick, pottery, tile, ...Re-Os geochronology for black shales has been successful for documenting depositional ages and paleoenvironmental changes (Cohen and Coe, 2002, Hannah et al., 2004). New Re-Os isochron ages for stratigraphically well-constrained sedimentary rocks from Triassic sections in the Boreal realm are presented. The Ladinian-Carnian stage boundary ...

13.19.5.12 Black Shale and Seawater. Black shales and seawater also represent significant reserves of uranium, although economic extraction of uranium from each is a challenge. Uranium in shales resides with organic matter. The uranium contents of black shales are variable but can reach 400 ppm, such as in the Ranstad deposit in Sweden.In normal sections of this unit, the most widespread clayey-siliceous rocks deposited in the course of slow "background" sedimentation, are characterized by high (relative to black shales) contents of U (66.5 ppm) but moderate contents of Th (5.07 ppm) and K (0.81%).

Jul 28, 2003 · A possible, but untested, sequestration strategy is to inject CO{sub 2} into organic-rich shales. Devonian black shales underlie approximately two-thirds of Kentucky and are thicker and deeper in the Illinois and Appalachian Basin portions of Kentucky than in central Kentucky. The Devonian black shales serve as both the source and trap for ...

The calibration of the Tl isotope redox tracer in modern euxinic (anoxic and containing dissolved sulfide in the water column, such as the Black Sea and Cariaco Basin) and anoxic but non-euxinic (sulfidic conditions limited to sediment pore fluids, such as the Santa Barbara Basin) environments suggests that black shales deposited under these …Jan 30, 2018 · The black shales in the Qusseir area (Duwi Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian) were deposited in an anoxic marine environment, and are remarkably high in their enrichment of redox-sensitive and sulfide-forming trace metals. Measurements of Mn, U, V, and Mo reveal that the studied black shales deposited under shallow anoxic-sulfidic conditions. Mar 9, 2022 · Introduction. Black shale is a kind of special sedimentary rock with enriched organic matter, which may contain shale oil and gas. With the outbreak of shale oil and gas revolution in the United States around 2010, black shale has become a hotspot of sedimentary studies in the world, especially in China (Xian et al., 2014). The black shales and sulfide layers, with the exception of replicate anal- yses of N21, lie on or between these reference lines, suggesting that, to a first approximation, the Re and Os were added close to the time of deposition. Regression of the data, how- ever, yields an errorchron with a negative '"Os/'^Os inter- cept. One replicate ...The Chang 7 black shale in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation is the principal source rock of Mesozoic oil-bearing system in the southwest Ordos Basin, containing high abundances of organic matter and hydrocarbon potential. Our study discusses the role of lake-bottom hydrothermal activities in the enrichment of organic matter during the deposition of the Chang 7 black shale.

Highly metalliferous black shales (HMBS) are enriched in organic carbon and a suite of metals, including Ni, Se, Mo, Ag, Au, Zn, Cu, Pb, V, As, Sb, Se, P, Cr, and U ± PGE, compared to common black shales, and are distributed at particular times through Earth history. They constitute an important future source of metals. HMBS are relatively thin units within thicker packages of regionally ...

The black shales of the Upper Ordovician Yingan Formation (Fm.) in the northwestern margin of the Tarim Basin was previously considered to be an important source rock. However, the total organic carbon (TOC) values of Yingan black shales was low, averaging 0.51%. Therefore, it remains debated whether they can be served as high-quality source rock.

Black shale, the subject of this article, is a dark-colored muddy sedimentary rock that is substantially enriched in organic matter. Depending on the grade of thermal maturity, black shales are often referred to as sapropel, bituminous shale, or oil shale.Age: Middle Ordovician Period Distribution: West-central Arkansas, Ouachita Mountains; southern Oklahoma Geology: The Womble Formation is mostly black shale with thin layers of limestone, silty sandstone, and some chert. Some green shales are interbedded with the black shales, but less so than in the Mazarn Shale. Cleavage, at an angle to bedding, frequently displays ribboned cleavage surfaces.The drilled Ottenby-2 core locates in the southern part of Öland, Sweden (Fig. 1 B; GPS Coordinates: 56.14741N, 16.244316E).The lithology of this core is composed of black shale, intercalated with carbonate concretions (Fig. 2).The trilobite biostratigraphy and organic carbon isotopes demonstrate that this core straddles the Miaolingian, Furongian, and Lower Ordovician (Tremadocian) (Bian et ...Black shales are deposited in stagnant aquatic environment with high organic productivity and oxygen deficiency at the bottom, creating sediments rich in organic matter (OM) and sulphides (Leventhal 1991; Lipinski et al. 2003).Black shales (called also grey shales/mudstones, black mudstones) are named by virtue of their dark colour which is mainly resulted due to higher fractions of OM or dark ...Aug 22, 2023 · Shales that are rich in organic matter (>5%) are known as black shales. Black color is given to these rocks by organic matter. Organic matter should be decomposed in normal conditions by bacteria, but high productivity, rapid deposition and burial or lack of oxygen may preserve it. Pyrite is a common sulfide A possible, but untested, sequestration strategy is to inject CO{sub 2} into organic-rich shales. Devonian black shales underlie approximately two-thirds of Kentucky and are thicker and deeper in the Illinois and Appalachian Basin portions of Kentucky than in central Kentucky. The Devonian black shales serve as both the source and trap for ...

Black shales are sedimentary rocks containing > 0.5% of organic carbon. They host polymetallic deposits which have been mined for Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, P, Mo, V, U, Au and PGE (platinum group elements).Each of the processes summarized above is capable of depositing organic-rich sediments or otherwise influencing black shale sedimentation. They may operate singly or together (Fig. 1).Process interaction can occur sequentially by means of flow transformation, as in a slide becoming a slump, then a debris flow, a high- to low-concentration turbidity current and finally, a hemiturbiditic plume.Black shales are source rocks for petroleum and natural gas, and thus are both geologically and economically important. Here, we review our recent progress in understanding of the surface ocean ...Introduction. The deposition of black shales and the accumulation of organic matter in black shales not only involves the basic biogeochemical processes on Earth, including photosynthesis, oxidation, bacterial sulfate reduction and humification, etc., but also makes an important contribution to the primary source of hydrocarbons and other economic mineral deposits (Arthur and Sageman, 1994 ...A shale is a sedimentary rock that is composed of small (mostly less than 0.1 mm) particles dominated by phyllosilicate (clay) minerals and containing subordinate amounts of …Black shales have been of increasing interest in recent years due to their oil and gas potential, but also because many are enriched in nonfuel "unconventional" critical elements such as cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, nickel, platinum group elements, rhenium, and vanadium. Critical metals residing in shales presented a challenge to economic ...

Black shales stock amounts of potentially toxic elements, such as As, Cd, Mo, U, and V (Anjum et al. 2010). It is known that black shales are rich in metal sulfides and organic matter, which enables them to be easily weathered when exposed to air (Yu et al. 2012). The liberated potentially toxic metals from black shale outcrop subsequently ...

The geochemistry of major and trace elements (including heavy metals and rare earth elements) of the fresh and weathered black shales, and the soils derived from black shales in the Ganziping mine area in western Hunan province (China) were studied using the following techniques: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ...Most recently, Kennedy et al. (2002), based on a study of two black shale locations of Cretaceous age, suggested that organic carbon (C org) absorption onto clay mineral surfaces is a major controlling factor in its burial and preservation. Peucker-Ehrenbrink and Hannigan (2000) and Jaffe et al. (2002) investigated mobility of platinum …Introduction. The Lower Cambrian black shales in South China are commonly host to Mo–Ni–V and platinum group elements (PGE) deposits. 1−12 These mineralized layers can be traced along the synchronous stratigraphic horizon up to 2000 km, 13 with deposits of industrial importance developed in some areas.The Jebel Oust region (north-eastern Tunisia) recorded two levels of marine black shale in the Lower Cretaceous marly series. Geodynamic evolution, biostratigraphic and Rock-Eval analysies allow classifying those black shales as unconventional shale oil resource systems that were deposited during two oceanic anoxic events: the Middel Barremian Event "MBE" and the Early Aptian Event "OAE1a ...U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information. Search terms: Advanced search options. ...Black shales are sedimentary rocks containing > 0.5% of organic carbon. They host polymetallic deposits which have been mined for Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, P, Mo, V, U, Au and PGE (platinum group elements).The black shale faithfully records major geological events, such as tectonic processes, volcanic activity, and upwelling across the O/S transition, and this study can serve as a reference for research on the accumulation of OM at other sites. Declaration of competing interest.Metalliferous black shales contain twice the amount (>1,000 ppm) of transition metals compared to the U.S. Geological Survey black shale standard SDO -1 (Huyck 1990;Kane et al. 1990).Shale is mostly made up of clay, so it can range in color from medium brown to white. Shale is often used to make ceramic tiles. Shale colors fall in the neutral color palette and can be paired with blues for a country look, soft pinks for ...Two immature black shales from the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation, Xiajiagou outcrop, Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, China, two immature black shales from the Cambrian Alum Shale Formation, Degerhamn, Öland island, Sweden, and a carboniferous low rank coal with VR o of 0.56% (sample ID ZJJ-C4) were collected for this study (Table …

Sep 1, 2015 · The black-shale intervals lack bioturbation and feature mm-thick sub-layers of varying dark-grey and sometimes grey-green colour (in web version). Occasionally, small 1–2 cm thick limestone layers are intercalated (e.g., in couplet 2). The prominent black-shale intervals in couplets 7 and 9 lack limy sub-layers.

The black shales of the Lower Cambrian in southern China are located on the southern margin of the Yangtze Platform in the transition zone between the Yangtze Platform and the Jiangnan Basin (Gao and Li, 1998). In Early Cambrian, the Yangtze Platform was essentially dominated by fine-grained sandstone, siltstone and shale provided by the ...

Re–Os depositional age for black shales from the Kaimur Group, Upper Vindhyan, India. GR Tripathy, SK Singh. Chemical Geology 413, 63-72, 2015. 60: 2015: Chemical erosion rates of river basins of the Ganga system in the Himalaya: Reanalysis based on inversion of dissolved major ions, Sr, and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr.Black shales are mixtures of terrigenous, biogenous, and hydrogenous sediment in which organic matter constitutes at least 0.5% of the material. Shales are the end product of the processes that ...that cut down into the underlying black shales (Schieber, 1998a). Contacts between pyrite ooid beds and underlying black shales are sharp, and multiple scour surfaces within py-rite ooid beds indicate a prolonged history of high-energy reworking and winnowing. The strong grain-size contrast between black shale and pyrite ooid beds (coarse sand ...We present δ60Ni values for black shales, determined by double-spike MC-ICP-MS. The samples comprise Paleoproterozoic Talvivaara Ni-Zn-Co-Cu black shales from Finland, Neoproterozoic black shales from the Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Czech Republic, Early Cambrian Ni-Mo-rich black shales from the Yangtze Craton, and Devonian Ni-Zn-PGE black shales from Yukon, Canada. In addition, the ...Black shales have been of increasing interest in recent years due to their oil and gas potential, but also because many are enriched in nonfuel "unconventional" …Black shales are organic-rich sediments that commonly formed coevally in space and time through Earth history and have been associated with perturbations in the carbon cycle, climate change and ...The Fe enrichment of Nkporo shale is relatively similar to Oshosun Gery and Black Shales (Ajayi et al. 2006) but the K and Na enrichments vary in the shale samples. The Fe mean value of Ekenkpon Shale is slightly higher than Nkporo Shale, while the K and Na mean values are relatively similar (Table 5 and Fig. 6 ).Virtually, no black shales were deposited during the Cenozoic (Figure 1), with the important exception of the Plio-Pleistocene sapropels of the Mediterranean Sea, which are considered to be near-modern analogs of the ancient black shales [e.g., Erbacher et al., 2001; Meyers, 2006; Negri et al., 2006; Emeis and Weissert, 2009]. The widespread ...

The black shales in the Qusseir area (Duwi Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian) were deposited in an anoxic marine environment, and are remarkably high in their enrichment of redox-sensitive and sulfide-forming trace metals. Measurements of Mn, U, V, and Mo reveal that the studied black shales deposited under shallow anoxic-sulfidic conditions.Black shales deposited in transitional environments such as tidal and deltaic environments have high terrigenous OM input. The pore structure characteristics of bulk OM in these transitional shales should have intermediate values between oil-prone OM (Fig. 19) in shales and terrigenous OM in coals at a specific maturity. Therefore, the ...This discovery is critical for the environmental assessment of black shale lithologies during shale gas exploration and production, where the demonstrated mobility of in situ elemental enrichments may indicate a significant source of produced- and groundwater contamination during and after hydraulic fracturing processes. The proportions of the ...Black shales deposited in transitional environments such as tidal and deltaic environments have high terrigenous OM input. The pore structure characteristics of bulk OM in these transitional shales should have intermediate values between oil-prone OM (Fig. 19) in shales and terrigenous OM in coals at a specific maturity. Therefore, the ...Instagram:https://instagram. american dunes golf club scorecardwhat is fluff in wattpadcomponents of writinganatoly kashpirovsky The Chang 7 black shale in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation is the principal source rock of Mesozoic oil-bearing system in the southwest Ordos Basin, containing high abundances of organic matter and hydrocarbon potential. Our study discusses the role of lake-bottom hydrothermal activities in the enrichment of organic …Excellent sections for studying black shales deposited on a late Precambrian active plate margin can be found in the Bohemian Massif of Central Europe (Fig. 1).Here, late Neoproterozoic/earliest Cambrian black shales occur in contrasting depositional/tectonic settings, ranging from strongly deformed blocks and layers within an accretionary complex (Hajná et al., 2013, 2019) to deposits ... what channel is big 12 now on directvstanford softball score During the Ordovician-Silurian transition, the Yangtze Block in South China experienced intense tectonic movements and climate change and was covered by the widely distributed black shales of the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation, which recorded key information about these major geological events. By geochemical and petrological analyses of three ...First, black shale formations Second, rocks containing organic carbon are host ore deposits containing base and precious encountered near many types of ore ... dating hookup culture The section is composed of mudstone, shale-marl laminae, and black shale rocks. The organic matter in the samples is 3.27 and 18.28%; whereas the CaCO3 present values in order of 23.42-66.46%.Black shales are sedimentary rocks containing > 0.5% of organic carbon. They host polymetallic deposits which have been mined for Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, P, Mo, V, U, Au and PGE (platinum group elements). ...